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Staff Directory Home Exams and assessment Postgraduate research Appointment criteria for research degree examiners

Appointment criteria for research degree examiners

Eligibility to be an external examiner

The external examiner for a research degree should be:

  • research active with appropriate expertise
  • normally employed in an HE institution (if not, including Emeritus Professors, a case as to their suitability needs to be made)
  • a senior member of staff and/or an experienced examiner (if not, a senior and experienced internal examiner must be appointed)
  • qualified to the level at which they are being appointed to examine (if not, a case as to their suitability needs to be made).

The external examiner should not:

  • have been a former member of the academic staff or a student of the University or Partner Institution in the past five years
  • be a prospective member of staff in the process of applying for a position at the University or Partner Institution or recently been appointed to a staff position (this applies at any point during the examination process)
  • have been involved in the supervision of the student
  • have a professional or personal relationship with the student, the student’s supervisor or the internal examiner that might give rise to a conflict of interest*.

Eligibility to be an internal examiner

The internal examiner for a research degree should be:

  • a member of the academic or research staff of the University or Partner Institution (visiting staff cannot be appointed as an internal examiner)
  • research active with appropriate expertise
  • normally have a degree, or equivalent, at the level at which they are being appointed to examine (if not a case as to their suitability needs to be made). A Professor with appropriate publications would be considered to be ‘equivalent’ and a case would not need to be made.

The internal examiner should not:

  • have been the student鈥檚 supervisor (main, joint or secondary) other than acting as a temporary supervisor for a period of up to a year but not in the final 12 months before submission of the thesis
  • have been a member of the Supervisory Panel during the final six months before submission of the thesis
  • have a professional or personal relationship with the student or the external examiner that might give rise to a conflict of interest
  • be the partner or a close relative of the supervisor (main, joint or secondary).

Conflicts of interest

The following are conflicts of interest and should be avoided, as they will prevent appointment of the Examiner. Please note this is not an exhaustive list, and should be used for guidance only:

  • a personal relationship -such as family relation (by birth/adoption or marriage) or friendship that would give rise to a conflict of interest
  • collaboration or co-authorship with the student (either the external and/or internal)
  • the external examiner has undertaken collaboration or co-authorship with the supervisor or internal examiner within the past 5 years
  • the supervisor has recently (within 3 years), examined, or been appointed to examine, a research student under the supervision of the external examiner
  • the external examiner has recently (within 3 years), examined or been appointed to examine, a research student under the supervision of either the supervisor or internal examiner
  • an academic relationship exists (such joint teaching, membership of the same research group, or sitting on the same funding committee), between the external examiner and the supervisor and/or internal examiner
  • the external examiner was the supervisor’s or internal examiner’s supervisor or the supervisor’s or internal examiner’s supervisee.
  • the external was involved in teaching and/or supervision and/or assessment of the student (including at another institution) as part of a previous award and has maintained a professional relationship with them since.

Departments/schools should also avoid overuse of individual examiners.

Forms and documents
Principal Regulations for Research Degrees
Code of Practice PGR
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